When accessing an authenticated webpage with cookies and am getting an SSL Error. This seems to be a mac-specific issue that many solve by installing the python certificates (as I tried in the terminal session pictured below), but an exception throws (Permission Denied) when I attempt at installing.
How should I fix this error?
Code:
...
import urllib.request
opener = urllib.request.build_opener()
print("Cookies: ", headers["Cookie"])
opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie', headers["Cookie"]))
f = opener.open("https://home.nest.com/home/"+url_addtl_data)
print(f)
Error Message:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request
self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send
self.connect()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect
server_hostname=server_hostname)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
_context=self, _session=session)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 814, in __init__
self.do_handshake()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1068, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 689, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/Ryan/Desktop/Dev/Projects/Py/Database_intro/venv/main.py", line 97, in <module>
f = opener.open("https://home.nest.com/home/"+url_addtl_data)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open
context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)>
Solution attempted:
Last login: Sat May 11 03:44:45 on ttys000
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ /Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command ; exit;
-- pip install --upgrade certifi
Collecting certifi
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/60/75/f692a584e85b7eaba0e03827b3d51f45f571c2e793dd731e598828d380aa/certifi-2019.3.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: certifi
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 342, in run
prefix=options.prefix_path,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 784, in install
**kwargs
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 851, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1064, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 345, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 316, in clobber
ensure_dir(destdir)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 83, in ensure_dir
os.makedirs(path)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/os.py", line 220, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/certifi-2019.3.9.dist-info'
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 19.1.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 44, in <module>
File "<stdin>", line 25, in main
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/subprocess.py", line 291, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/python3.6', '-E', '-s', '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--upgrade', 'certifi']' returned non-zero exit status 2.
logout
Saving session...
...copying shared history...
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.
Deleting expired sessions...30 completed.
[Process completed]
EDIT 5/19
Additional Terminal Sessions (from suggested solutions):
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ sudo easy_install pip
Password:
Searching for pip
Best match: pip 19.1.1
Adding pip 19.1.1 to easy-install.pth file
Installing pip script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip3.7 script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip3 script to /usr/local/bin
Using /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Processing dependencies for pip
Finished processing dependencies for pip
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ brew install python
Updating Homebrew...
Warning: python 3.7.3 is already installed, it's just not linked
You can use `brew link python` to link this version.
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ brew link python
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3...
Error: Could not symlink bin/2to3
Target /usr/local/bin/2to3
already exists. You may want to remove it:
rm '/usr/local/bin/2to3'
To force the link and overwrite all conflicting files:
brew link --overwrite python
To list all files that would be deleted:
brew link --overwrite --dry-run python
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ rm '/usr/local/bin/2to3'
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ brew link --overwrite python
Linking /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3... 24 symlinks created
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$ python -c "import ssl;print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)"
OpenSSL 1.0.2r 26 Feb 2019
Ryan-Cocuzzos-Laptop:~ Ryan$
EDIT 5/21
Attempted to include SSL in the project and it threw an error.. this appears to be relevant, but, when checking (and as is shown above), you can notice that python is definitely using OpenSSL v. 1.0.2r.
from SSL Request Failed - Python OSX
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